Phlebitis Symptoms and treatment

Phlebitis is a condition where the superficial veins of the body, become inflamed. This generally occurs in the legs, and is called thrombophlebitis when blood clots form in deep veins. The thrombus located in the veins of the body cause pain and can prevent blood flow from circulating properly throughout the veins.

There are two main types of phlebitis, that are commonly seen in patients. Superficial phlebitis affects veins that are located near the skins surface, and is not a very serious condition, but can lead to deep vein thrombophlebitis. Deep vein thrombophlebitis affects larger blood vessels located deep in the legs. This can cause the formation of large blood clots that pose a risk of travelling to the lungs. This process can lead to a deadly condition known as a pulmonary embolism.

Causes

Some possible causes of phlebitis can occur due to complications following medical or surgical procedures. Prolonged periods of inactivity, such as staying in bed or sitting for too long, can cause formation of the thrombus. A sedentary lifestyle that includes little or no exercise is also a risk factor for phlebitis. Obese people and smokers are at more risk of getting phlebitis, as well as people undergoing hormone replacement therapy or taking birth control pills. People with varicose veins and pregnant women are also at greater risk of developing phlebitis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of superficial phlebitis include a tender, red area near the superficial veins on the skin, which can feel warm and hard to the touch. The area may create a throbbing or burning sensation and can become itchy or swollen. Sometimes a slight fever can occur, and if there is an infection, symptoms can include redness, fever, pain, swelling or a breakdown of the skin.

Treatment

There are many treatment options to help with phlebitis, such as taking anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin to help alleviate the pain and inflammation. Regular exercise can increase blood flow and prevent blood clot formation. Avoidance of bed rest for long periods as it can worsen the symptoms of phlebitits. The use of compression stockings help, and antibiotics may be prescribed by a doctor in case of infection. As well, people with deep vein thrombophlebitis may need to take a blood thinner. However, most of the treatment must be performed by the individual unless the case is very severe and must be monitored by a M.D.